How to Excavate an Oak Tree & Replant It

Check with your state government about the laws applicable to your area regarding excavation. Digging more than 12 inches usually requires permission. There may be utility lines running through the area where you want to dig, which could cause you serious injury if you hit them.

Measure the diameter of the tree. Use your spade to mark a circle around the base of the tree to dig out the root ball at 12 inches for each 1 inch of trunk diameter. If your tree is 2 inches in diameter, your root ball must be 2 feet.

Dig a saucer-shaped hole where you are transplanting your oak tree. Dig the hole three times the size of the root ball diameter. Digging the transplant hole before excavating the tree minimizes stress. You don't want the tree roots to dry out while you're digging the hole.

Tie up the lowest branches on the tree with your rope so they aren't damaged while you are digging around the tree. Water the soil around the tree and the leaves of the tree to minimize the shock of transplantation.

Cut deeply into the ground with your spade. Dig deep enough to get below the roots. Since oak trees are deep rooting, you'll probably need to dig at least 2 feet. Use your shovel to get under the root ball.

Lift the root ball of the tree into your wheelbarrow with your shovel. For larger trees, you'll need a helper with a shovel. Move the tree, and place it in the new hole. Mix the mulch with the soil, and fill in the hole but don't cover the top of the root ball. It should sit 1 to 2 inches above the ground. Water your tree thoroughly once you've filled the hole.