Use a knife to cut off any ragged or protruding pieces of tree bark that surround the wound.
Cut off bark to shape the wound like an elongated oval. This shape allows for the fastest sealing.
Remove decayed wood within the cavity that peels away easily. Do not attempt to tear out decayed wood that does not come out easily. This will damage the tree and may shorten its life.
Fill the cavity with concrete if desired. Filling it with concrete may stop the sealing callus from curling in on itself, but the tree will seal normally without concrete.
Cover the cavity with a sheet of tin. This keeps out pests and allows the tree to seal properly.