The Difference in Shagbark and Shellbark

Environmental Requirements

• These hickory trees often have overlapping territories, but each one does better under a specific set of conditions. Shellbark hickory prefers deep bottomland soil close to creeks and rivers. In the wild, it grows best in areas rich in limestone. While shellbark hickory can survive at higher elevations and in sandy soil, these conditions can produce smaller, weaker trees. Shagbark hickory trees live in a wider range of locations, from upland areas to shaded woods, bottom lands and even flood plains. They prefer an acidic environment, but can survive in soils ranging from sand to clay.

Appearance

• These trees look relatively similar, but shellbark hickories generally are slightly shorter and grow heavier branches than shagbark. They also have straighter, coarser bark plates. Both species have loose outer bark that sheds easily. Shagbark trees produce foliage with five to seven leaflets, while shellbarks can have anywhere from five to nine leaflets on a much larger leaf.

Nut Size and Shape

• If you want to harvest nuts from your hickory tree, you'll need to wait between 10 and 15 years for most hickories. When they do begin to produce nuts, shellbarks have thinner, more consistent husks, but the nuts themselves can vary significantly in shape. Shellbark hickories produce larger nuts at between 1 ¾ and 2 ½ inches across, with thick shells that are light brown in color. Shagbark hickory nuts have husks that can be as thin as 1/8 inch or as thick as ½ inch, with smaller nuts that sport a thinner shell. These may be easier to crack and better tasting, according to the United States Department of Agriculture.

Considerations

• Hickory trees are best suited for homeowners who are willing to wait for a sturdy, long-lived shade tree. They also require some regular maintenance due to the fall nut crop. They may not be right for you if you need a fast-growing option or if you are unable to collect fallen nuts.