Water Gardening & Filtration Plants

Features

• Water gardens consist of a container, water and plants. Fish and other water-loving animals, rock work, fountains, waterfalls, filtration systems, aerators and accent lighting can be added for aesthetic appeal and to create a fairly independent, micro-ecosystem. Dark-colored materials are encouraged for the lining of the water garden, as they discourage algae growth. All water gardens require a certain amount of maintenance, though a well-planned water garden with a healthy balance of specific plants and animals will largely take care of itself, minimizing the need for more than occasional maintenance.

Location

• Ideally, water gardens need a minimum of six hours of sunlight per day. Because the weight of many gallons of water makes free-standing containers difficult or impossible to move, carefully consider the location ahead of time. Do not construct water gardens near trees, as they not only provide shade, but drop leaves, creating potential problems and more work.

Plant Selection

• Choose plants carefully, as they all have different needs. Consider the soil type, container depth, climate, exposure to sun and time required for maintenance. Other important considerations include the types of fish and other animals you plan to include, aeration and the way the plants overwinter. Plants can be planted directly into soil on the bottom of the pond, or planted in pots for variations in height and increased stabilization.

Filtration Plants

• Algae grows in water gardens without a proper balance of plants and fish and due to over-fertilization and too much fish food. Certain plants can help filter water with their extensive root systems, including water cress, water hyacinth, mosaic plant, creeping bog pea, water lettuce and parrot's feather. Plant enough plants that at least half of the water's surface is covered with foliage, and introduce fish to help achieve a balance. Four to six goldfish and one water-filtering plant per square yard are recommended for a proper balance.