Painted lady caterpillars are often called Canada thistle caterpillars, because they are often found feeding on this type of plant. Canada thistle is a tall plant with purple, feathery flowers and sharp-toothed leaves. The thistle grows aggressively in gardens and fields, requiring mechanical and chemical methods to control it.
Mallow is another plant that painted lady caterpillars host on. This weedy plant contains kidney-shaped leaves with pale pink and white blooms. Mallows are considered an annual, because they bloom from May to September.
Hollyhocks are annual plants with tall stalks and round petals that bloom in a variety of colors. The plants thrive along fences or trellises. Painted lady caterpillars munch on the hollyhock's green foliage but do not touch the flowers, making the plant a favorite among butterfly gardeners.
Painted lady caterpillars are considered a pest by sunflower gardeners, since the insect is often found eating the tall plants. Sunflowers are known for their large blooms containing bright yellow and brown petals.