Drill two to three 1/2-inch holes in the bottoms of the containers. These holes allow free drainage from the containers and keep plants from sitting in water at any time.
Line the bottom of each pot with newspaper, mesh or fine cloth to keep soil from falling through the holes. This material won't inhibit the drainage.
Mix quick-draining potting soil and organic compost in equal parts as your potting foundation. This mixture retains a loose, crumbly consistency for consistent drainage and air circulation, and gives plants gentle, long-term nutrition. Add 10-10-10 or 12-12-12 fertilizer for vegetable plants and 5-10-10 or 5-10-5 fertilizer for flowering plants.