How Long to Reach Full Size for a Dwarf Navel Orange Tree?

Climate Requirements

• Orange trees evoke images of sunny and warm summer days, and for good reason. Warm, dry summers provide orange trees with the necessary environment for healthy growth and fruit production. "Dwarf Washington Navel" is no exception. It grows best in Mediterranean climates with long summers and mild, rainy winters, and it does not perform well in desert climates or coastal areas. In cold climates, the "Dwarf Washington Navel" should be grown in a container and brought indoors in winter. If the tree is subjected to temperatures below 28 degrees Fahrenheit, its growth will slow and it's health in general will suffer.

Growing Conditions

• To grow well and produce fruit, the "Dwarf Washington Navel" orange tree requires at least six hours of direct sunlight daily and protection from prevailing winds. A south-facing bed with moist, mildly acidic soil and adequate drainage is ideal, although the tree is adaptable to most soil types as long as drainage is good and the pH level is between 6.0 and 7.5. The root system, large in proportion to its crown, may extend to twice the diameter of the canopy, so choose a planting site or pot with enough soil volume to accommodate the roots without crowding. Finally, avoid planting "Dwarf Washington Navel" orange trees in lawns because the excess water and nutrients encourage the development of root rot, which will slow its growth or cause it to die prematurely.

Maintenance and Care

• As an evergreen tree, "Dwarf Washington Navel," requires moisture year-round. Water every five to ten days during the summer months, and discontinue watering during rainy weather. In winter, apply only enough water to prevent leaf drop. Overwatering damages the roots and may cause slow growth or illness. Refrain from watering until the top few inches of soil feel dry to your touch. Fertilizer is not necessary for newly planted trees, but it can be used once the tree is established. Nitrogen fertilizer is especially beneficial for fruit production and should be applied at a rate of 1 pound annually at maturity. Split the dose into three equal applications, and apply it in early spring, midsummer and early autumn. With proper conditions and care, the tree will reach a mature height of 6 to 8 feet in roughly four to 10 years.

Problems

• Good cultural practices will eliminate most of the problems that negatively impact the growth and development of "Dwarf Washington Navel" orange trees. Nutrient deficiencies, however may occur if the soil pH becomes unbalanced or if excess moisture is present around the roots. To prevent nutrient imbalances, avoid overwatering but do apply fertilizer during the summer months to replace nutrients lost during rainy weather. If overwatering occurs, withhold all supplemental irrigation until the soil completely dries out, then begin watering at half the previous rate. If the problem persists, the tree may need to be transplanted into a site with better drainage.