How to Care for a Gardenia Outside

Gardenias, ornamental shrubs that produce fragrant, creamy-white blooms against deep-green foliage, are commonly found in residential and commercial gardens across the Southeast and other warmer areas of the United States. Native to China and Japan, the tropical plants thrive in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 8 to 10, with warm summers. Although slightly temperamental about their growing conditions, gardenias do well if their water, feeding and pruning needs are met.

Organic mulch
Organic or chemical fertilizer
Pruning shears
Insecticide

Instructions

- 1
  Plant the gardenia shrub in well-draining, fertile soil exposed to at least six hours of direct sunlight. In dry or hot climates, select a planting site exposed to partial shade. Gardenias thrive in soil that is on the acidic side, with a pH between 5 and 6.
- 2
  Provide the outdoor gardenia shrub at least 1 inch of water every week, unless supplemented by rainfall. Water more frequently during severe or prolonged drought to prevent stress on the shrub. Avoid overhead irrigation that increases chances of fungal diseases and insect infestations. Work toward an evenly moist, not soggy, soil.
- 3
  Spread 2 to 3 inches of organic mulch around the gardenia shrub to help conserve soil moisture and deter weeds. Replenish the mulch whenever necessary to maintain the 2- to 3-inch layer year-round. Keep the mulch 4 to 6 inches away from the trunk to prevent rot.
- 4
  Feed gardenias monthly from April to November to encourage healthy, dense growth.
  Follow label directions for applying a fertilizer specifically formulated for acid-loving plants.
  Alternatively, feed the gardenia fish emulsion, plant food for acid-loving plants or blood meal in mid March and late June. Follow label directions for application rates according to the size of the shrub. Avoid fertilizing gardenias in fall.
- 5
  Clip damaged, diseased or straggly growth from the outdoor gardenia shrub after it finishes flowering in midsummer. Use sharp, sterilized pruning shears to prevent chances of infection. Collect and discard clippings. Avoid pruning the shrubs too late in the season, as it reduces the number of blooms produced the next year.
- 6
  Treat common gardenia pests, including whiteflies, caterpillars, scale and spider mites as soon as they appear to prevent them from damaging the leaves and blooms and from reducing the plant's overall vigor, vitality and appearance. Give the plant a strong spray of water from a garden hose every few days to dislodge small infestations, or use an insecticide appropriate for the type of pest for larger infestations.

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