Replanting Dwarf Banana Shoots

Definition

• Shoots, also known as “suckers” or “pups,” are pieces of the dwarf banana plant’s rhizome -- its underground stem. Suckers spring up around the main plant from the rhizome and form a clump. The eldest sucker replaces the plant when it dies. A sucker first emerges as a conical shoot that opens and releases leaves that are mostly midribs with very little blade. When the sucker grows large and produces roots, it is ready to be transplanted.

Types of Suckers

• There are three types of banana plant suckers, defined by their stage of growth. Water suckers are 12 to 48 inches tall and have broad leaves, but are only superficially attached to the main plant and tend to produce weak plants when replanted. Sword suckers are also 12 to 48 inches tall and are attached to the original plant with narrow swordlike leaves. Maidenhead suckers are the largest suckers and have leaves leaves that resemble those of the main plant. They also have roots and some rhizome. Large sword suckers and maidenheads are ideal suckers to use for replanting.

Cutting Suckers

• Remove suckers when they are 4 to 5 feet tall from a banana plant clump that has at least three to four large plants to anchor it. Use a spade to remove the sucker. Cut off the largest leaves, leaving only young leaves or none at all. Choose suckers to transplant that have several healthy roots.

Planting

• Dig a hole at least 18 inches wide and 15 inches deep. Mix composted organic matter or a sand-peat moss mixture into the native soil 1 part to 3 parts to enrich it. Place the dwarf banana sucker in the hole and refill with the soil mixture. Tamp the soil to firm around the sucker. Water thoroughly. Apply a 4- to 6-inch layer of mulch to help maintain soil moisture and discourage weed growth.