Stratification of Hickory Nuts

Dormant Seed

• Because of the characteristic hard shell of a nut, sometimes it is difficult to get a hickory nut to germinate. This can cause the seed to become dormant, creating the need for stratification. Also known as "after-ripening", the stratification process will activate the germination process of the nut.

Beginning the Process

• For stratification to succeed, the hickory nut must have plenty of moisture and oxygen. Typically, stratification is started by placing several nuts in peat moss. Peat moss is ideal for stratification because of its moisture and water-holding ability. If peat isn't available, use moist sand or sawdust instead.

Storage

• Nuts mixed with peat moss or other mediums are typically stored in paper-lined containers, such as bushel baskets or large tin containers, like wash-tubs, then covered with paper to help keep the moisture inside. The containers aren't packed tight, as ventilation is necessary. The containers are stored where the temperature can be maintained and regulated, if needed, to keep it constant during the stratification period.

Duration and Temperature

• The stratification period and temperature depends on which type of hickory you are working with. Typically a three-month period is sufficient to induce germination. The temperature during stratification should be in the 33 to 50 degree range. Keeping the stratified nuts, or seeds, in a cold room or cellar is usually effective. Performing the stratification process over a summer-time period is beneficial, as fall planting is generally successful in the absence of severe freezing temperatures.