Phalaenopsis Orchids Leaf Growth & Flowering

Leaf Growth

• Phalaenopsis orchids are monopodial plants, meaning that their leaves grow upright on a single stem, with each new leaf emerging on the opposite side of the stem from the previous leaf, and on top of the last leaf on that side. The single stem has unlimited growth potential, but this type of stem does not have reserves of water to sustain it when conditions are dry. Small nodes at the base of the leaf stem may stay dormant for a very long time; occasionally they may sprout into a second flower spike, however. This spike cannot be separated from the original stem.

Flowering

• Phalaenopsis orchids typically bloom in late winter or early spring. The flower spike begins at the base of the plant and creates a graceful arc that can reach 2 feet long with flower buds on altering sides along its length. A single spike can produce as many as 20 blossoms. The buds open sequentially from the base of the spike to the tip. When blooms cover the entire spike, the display may last for months.

Light and Temperature

• In their native environment, orchids grow in low light conditions under a leafy canopy of jungle foliage. To control the amount of light the orchid receives in your home, place the plant near an east or south window. Flower spikes bend toward the strongest light source. To avoid twisted spikes, do not change the direction of the pot in relation to the light source. If the plant is getting too much light, the leaves may turn yellow. In the home, the optimum temperature range for phalaenopsis orchids is 60 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit. If the temperature drops below 60 degrees, the plant may not survive, and the leaves will show damage. Orchids can withstand higher temperatures, but not lower. Dropping the temperature to just 60 degrees at night for three weeks will stimulate the production of a flower spike. The spike will develop about three weeks after the cold night treatment.

Water and Humidity

• Orchids require humidity. A good way to provide constant humidity is to set the pot on a tray of stones covered with water. Water the phalaenopsis orchids whenever the exposed roots turn silvery white. In warmer weather, more frequent watering will be required. Do not overdo it, because these plants do not enjoy soggy soil. Using peat or bark as a planting medium allows air circulation around the roots, and adequate drainage.