Loosen the orchid's roots from the pot using a knife if needed. Pull the plant, soil and root ball from the pot and set aside.
Remove all dead roots and debris from the pot. Depending on the condition of the live roots, choose a larger or smaller pot.
Line the bottom of the pot with stones, pot pieces or Styrofoam peanuts. Keeping the roots elevated helps provide the orchid with proper drainage.
Return the orchid to the pot. If roots are growing to one side, allow room for them to continue their growth pattern.
Add a potting mixture of four part peat moss to one part perlite. Fill around the orchid until the plant is stable, and pat down firmly without damaging the roots.
Begin preparing three to four weeks prior to leaving by keeping the orchids on a regular watering schedule. Do not allow the soil to completely dry out before watering.
Move orchids to a darker, cooler room the day of departure. Ideally, the temperature should be kept around 57 to 64 degrees F.
Fill a tray with water, and place it next to the orchids. This will help to increase the surrounding humidity.
Place water-loving varieties in a tray of water. This is only for plants unable to handle extended dry periods.
Ask a neighbor, friend, or house sitter to water plants after two to three weeks. Simple steps will provide a few weeks of freedom.