It is covered with small hair which irritate the skin with a combination of chemicals including formic acid, a common constituent in insect stings. The plant loses its stinging effect when cooked or dried. Despite their sting the nettle plant has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries.
Nettle leaves and stems are used to treat numerous ailments including muscle and joint pains and strains. It will treat skin complaints such as eczema and allergy relief. It is commonly used to relieve the symptoms of bladder problems. It is good for reproductive health of both males and females and is used to treat anemia.
The roots are used to treat prostate and irritable bowel conditions. They are commonly used as a natural alternative to treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. It is used to relieve symptoms related to the condition. The roots also slow the growth of certain prostate cells without decreasing prostate size, possibly due to their hormonal interactions.