What Is the Germinating Process for Peas?

Timing

• Even though peas are cold-weather crops and can tolerate some frost, seeds that sit in cold soil may rot. The way to get around this is to start seeds indoors and transplant them into the garden when the soil warms a bit. Otherwise, wait until the soil in the garden reaches at least 45 degrees Fahrenheit to plant peas. When soil is 40 degrees, it takes peas over one month to germinate. When the soil is 60 degrees, they sprout quickly -- usually in one week.

Preparing the Seed

• Peas, like other legumes, fix the nitrogen from the atmosphere into the soil. They do this with a bacteria known as rhizobia. It's a good idea to inoculate the pea seeds with the bacteria before planting. The easiest way is to pour the powder, available at larger nurseries, into a bag, throw the seeds in and shake the bag to coat them. Make sure you purchase inoculant that specifies that it is for use on peas. Plant the seeds immediately after application.

Soil and Planting

• Add 3 to 4 inches of compost to the planting soil if you direct-seed into the garden. Push the peas 1 inch deep into the soil, 1 inch apart. If you plant more than one row, space them 18 to 24 inches apart. If you start the seeds indoors, use a soilless planting medium in pots or flats. Plant the seeds 1 inch deep and place the container in an area with bright but indirect sunlight. Keep the medium moist at all times during germination.

Considerations

• Install a trellis system either before or immediately after planting. Many gardeners use pea netting, but a wire trellis works just as well. When peas are grown close together they shade the soil, making it difficult for weeds to grow. They also help keep the soil moist. If you grow yours spread apart, mulch the soil around the pea plants. Pick the peas when the pods are full. Waiting too long to harvest results in hard pods.