Plant the cascabel seeds in a seed tray using soil that ranges from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (a pH level between 4.3 and 8.3).
Place the tray in a sunny place indoors. The temperature should ideally be 68 degrees Fahrenheit. In warmer climates, the seeds can be planted directly outside, provided the last frost has already occurred.
Water the plants regularly. In the beginning stages, make certain the soil is always moist, but take care not to overwater, as too much water can negatively affect the forming roots.
Transplant the seedlings outside (if started indoors) and plant them 18 to 24 inches apart. If you are creating rows, space them 24 to 30 inches apart. Make certain the location receives direct sunlight throughout the day, as pepper plants thrive in the sun.
Harvest the peppers when they appear ready. Cascabel peppers can be harvested when they are unripe or green, but waiting until they are red results in a sweeter flavor. Cut them off cleanly to avoid tearing stems and damaging the plant.
Protect the plants as the weather becomes colder by covering them to shield them from freezing. If properly cared for, the plants will survive the winter and produce for another year or more.