What Is Best Soil Type for Turnips?

Soil pH and Testing

• Turnips require a soil pH between 6.0 and 6.5. The pH indicates the amount of acidity in the soil. The range best for turnips is similar to that of most vegetables, so beds that have previously grown other vegetables successfully likely have a suitable pH for turnip growth. A soil pH test is vital for new beds or those that produced poorly in the past. Testing kits are available from most garden centers. County extension services also offer in-depth testing. The test results indicate not only acidity, but also any nutrient deficiencies in the soil. The soil may require a limestone amendment to bring the pH into the proper range. The amount of limestone necessary is indicated by the test.

Soil Texture

• A soil rich in organic matter drains adequately so it doesn't become soggy, while retaining enough moisture to not dry out completely. Heavy clay soils tend to compact and absorb water poorly, or they become overly wet and muddy. Sandy soils drain too quickly, retaining little moisture or nutrients. Adding compost, peat moss or composted manure to the bed prior to planting the turnips will improve the soil texture. These amendments benefit all soil types, but are especially good for sandy and clay soils.

Fertilizer

• Few garden beds supply sufficient nutrients for turnips to grow their best without some fertilization. Use the soil test as a guide for the type and amount of fertilizer needed, if you performed one before planting. If a test wasn't performed, most turnips grow well in soil fertilized with 3 pounds of 10-10-10 fertilizer per 100 square feet prior to planting. An application of 1/2 ounce borax per 100 square feet, applied at the time of fertilization, is also beneficial to the turnips.

Moisture

• The best soil is only as good as the amount of moisture present within it. Turnips can't access nutrients or moisture in dry soil, causing the plants to wither and die. Wet or muddy soil suffocates the turnips, causing the plants to drown and rot. Providing plenty of organic matter helps provide sufficient moisture, as does proper irrigation. Turnips require approximately 1 inch of water weekly from irrigation or rain. Mulching over the bed with an organic mulch helps conserve the moisture in the soil. An added benefit of using organic mulch is that the mulch material decomposes in the bed, improving the soil's texture and nutrient quality.