According to the University of Massachusetts Extension, hydrangeas can be grown in either full sun or in partial dappled shade. It's best to shade them from intense afternoon sunlight, which can cause them to wilt even though the soil is moist.
The amount of sunlight hydrangeas receive can also affect how much they flower. University of Illinois Extension advises that "morning sun and afternoon shade is ideal for many hydrangeas."
Hydrangeas need a minimum of four hours of direct sunlight every day. To achieve the proper sunlight exposure for hydrangeas may mean cutting down or trimming large overhead trees.
Purdue University Extension lists the types of shade as "light shade, filtered through a tree; dense shade, created by woodlands and solid plants; or intermittent shade, caused by an obstruction blocking the sun for a portion of the day." Hydrangeas perform well in all but dense shade, where they can grow long and spindly and produce few flowers.