How to Sow Soybeans

Prepare a site in an area of full sun with fertile, well-drained soil such as light sand. Make sure that the soil is friable or crumbly rather than compacted as this helps in emergence of seedlings.

Insert a soil thermometer 3 to 4 inches into the soil after all danger of frost is past and the soil has started to warm and note the temperature. Avoid planting in soil temperatures of less than 50 degrees F. Planting in cold, wet soil leads to poor germination. The temperature should be consistent for several days in a row.

Plant seeds 1 inch deep in compacted, heavy soil. If the soil is light and sandy, sow at a depth of 1 1/2 inches. If your soil is heavy, cover the seeds with a light layer of peat, sand or vermiculite after planting as this will help to minimize crusting, which can impede seedling growth.

Space the seeds 6 to 10 inches apart and leave at least 3 to 4 feet between the rows.

Water with at least 1 inch of water per week for adequate growth. Regular irrigation is especially important between flower formation and pod growth. Do not over water. Excessive watering leads to malformation of buds and pods.

Apply black plastic or organic mulch such as straw, lawn clippings or shredded bark to keep weeds under control and help conserve soil moisture.

Soybeans are ready to harvest 80 to 90 days after planting. Harvest when seeds are enlarged but do not let seeds get hardened unless you want dried beans. The pods should be green, rough and hairy.