What Is a Basal Cutting?

Definition

• Basal cuttings are actually a form of plant division, cites Steven Bradley in "Propagation Basics." The cuttings are taken from the tender, short shoots that are emerging from the soil. These are cut just near, or sometime below, the soil line. Certain plants such as chrysanthemums produce shoots that start to grow roots while still attached to the mother plants. This is a relatively easier method of propagating basal cuttings. These cuttings are commonly referred to as Irishman's cuttings.

Timing

• The best time to take basal cuttings is at the time of new shoot emergence during early spring. Time the cuttings so that the foliage on the plant is not fully unfurled. Taking cuttings during this active growth period causes minimal damage to the plant as the tender shoots are rapidly replaced by new growth. Basal cuttings are difficult to take from fully mature plants. Any available basal material from such plants is usually weak due to the presence of taller stems around it.

Planting Method

• Fill a medium-size pot with a rooting medium. Select vigorous growing shoots with unfurled foliage for taking cuttings. Cut 4- to 6-inch portions of stems with a sharp knife, ensuring the cutting is firm and semi-woody at the base. Remove all leaves from the lower half of the cutting and insert in the rooting medium. Place pot in warm, bright area out of direct sun and keep rooting medium moist. Cutting generally root in three to five weeks.

Plants

• Basal cuttings are primarily recommended for hardy perennials. Plants that may be propagated with basal cuttings include aster, pearl everlasting, bellflower, chrysanthemums, potentilla, knotweed, bleeding heart, euphorbia, baby's breath, musk mallow, lupin and purple loosestrife.