Preparing the soil by tilling it and adding 6 inches or compost to add nutrients. If the soil is claylike or doesn't drain well, add peat moss to help keep it moist.
Plant lemongrass in the soil so that it has 3 feet in every direction to grow. Lemongrass grows tall and spreads a lot as it grows so it needs plenty of room. Purchase plants or divide the root clump of existing plants to create a new plant.
Apply a general-purpose, liquid fertilizer at half strength to the plant every week during the summer to add extra nutrients.
Water the plant regularly to keep it moist. Mist the plant and water daily in dry climates. In humid climates, water twice a week or weekly as long as the soil stays moist.
Harvest the stalks before the first frost in the fall when the stalks are a 1/2 inch thick. Cut the stalk at ground level and discard the leaves and woody parts. Save the bulb by storing it in a cool, dry location. Divide the bulb in the spring and replant the lemongrass.