Plant container grapes in early spring to take advantage of natural spring and summer sun and temperatures. Long, successful initial growing seasons lead to more initial growth and quicker fruit harvest.
Use large 15-gallon pots with drainage holes for grapevines, which do best with large, deep root balls and efficient drainage. Mix potting soil with 1 part topsoil to 1 part peat moss and 1 part organic compost. This mix provides rich nutrition and moisture retention with room for root growth. Fill each pot three-quarters full of soil mixture.
Plant one grapevine in each pot, in holes deep enough for the root balls. Pack potting soil firmly around the roots to secure the plantings and eliminate air pockets. Push a stake into each pot behind the grapevines, or give the grapevines a communal lattice or arbor for growing.
Keep the grapevines in indoor or outdoor sites with full sunshine and adequate air movement. Prune the grapevines down to two to three growing nodes to encourage fresh new growth. Water them with 2 inches of water every four to five days for continued moisture.
Fertilize the grapevines with 10-10-10 fertilizer one week after planting. Turn the fertilizer granules into the top 6 inches of soil, at least 6 inches from the grapevine trunks, then water.