Process of Pruning Grapes

Training

• Pruning is part of training the grapevine, so the first step in proper pruning is to decide how you want the vine to grow. Most grapevine growers train the plant to grow up a tall cane or along a trellis or wires. Train drooping vines to grow along wires or the lathes of a trellis. Allow space between each lateral outshoot of the vine, pruning away shoots to provide space as necessary. Upright grapevine varieties require little training other than a cane or short wire for support.

Timing

• Choosing the right time of the year for pruning is essential. Carry out the main pruning in February, March or early April while the vine is still dormant and before it starts to bud. During the winter, shorten side shoots. Avoid too much pruning during the summer but do shorten non-flowering lateral shoots to a length of about four to five leaves.

Technique

• From their second year, grapevines need hard pruning to remain healthy and to encourage the growth of new fruit. Prune back around 90 to 95 percent of the previous year's growth ensuring that you leave the original first year growth. Grapes grow on one year old wood so always leave the buds from the first year in place on the original vine. Cut away any old, damaged or unfruitful vine trunks.

Tools

• Use sharp hand pruners to prune the grapevine with clean cuts. For larger stems use a small pruning handsaw or loppers. Sharpen the pruning tool with a whetsone if necessary. Wipe the pruning tool with a clean cloth and rubbing alcohol after pruning each vine. This disinfects the pruners and prevents spreading infections from one vine to another.