Decide how many relleno pepper plants you would like to plant. Set that number of 3-inch peat pots on a nursery tray to make them easier to handle after sowing.
Fill the 3-inch peat pots with a mixture of 4 parts potting soil and 1 part perlite. Spritz each peat pot of soil with a spray bottle until the top 2 inches of soil feels saturated.
Sow one relleno seed in each pot of soil to a depth of 1/4 inch. Make sure the seeds are completely covered with soil.
Set the nursery tray with the potted relleno seeds on a warming mat set to 68 degrees F under very bright artificial or natural light.
Mist the peat pots whenever the soil inside feels dried out at a depth of a 1/2-inch. Always use a spray bottle or plant mister to moisten the soil.
Watch for germination in 10 to 15 days. Keep the relleno peppers on the warming mat under lights until outdoor temperatures top 60 degrees F at night.
Plant the relleno pepper seedlings in a sunny bed with good drainage once the soil warms up. Use a garden trowel to dig planting holes twice the volume of the peat pots. Space the holes 24 to 36 inches apart.
Set the peat pots in the prepared planting holes. Fill in around them until the top edge of the peat pots are below the soil.
Water the relleno pepper plants to a depth of 4 inches immediately upon planting to settle the soil. Allow the soil to dry out slightly just beneath the surface after the initial watering. Water the plants to a depth of 2 inches every five days from then on.