Add 6 inches of a mix of 50 percent topsoil and 50 percent compost to the top of the soil.
Till the topsoil/compost mix into the soil with a mechanical tiller.
Use a hoe to dig a 4-inch trench in the bed between each row of onions. For example, if you're planting two rows, dig one trench; if you're planting three rows, dig two trenches, and so on. Keep each row of onions 6 to 10 inches apart.
Add a 10-20-10 fertilizer into the trenches, using 1/2 cup for every 10 feet of ground. Add 2 inches of topsoil/compost mix to the trenches over the fertilizer. The numbers 10-20-10 indicate the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in the fertilizer.
Plant the onion bulbs in the ridges above the trenches, placing them 1 inch deep and 3 to 4 inches apart.
Water the soil to keep it moist, and apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer to the trenches every two to three weeks until about three weeks from harvesting the onions.