Cut 1 inch from the base of an onion bulb, and set it aside. Ensure that the roots are still attached to the base of the bulb so the onion plant can regrow easily.
Mix 2 parts potting soil with 1 part compost, and fill a small potting container with the mixture. This will provide a rich, moist growing medium for the onion cutting.
Make a small depression in the potting soil mixture, and place the onion, roots down, in the container.
Cover the cutting with 2 inches of soil, and place it in a warm, sunny location in your home. Start onion cuttings indoors where temperatures remain between 65 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit to facilitate healthy development.
Water the cutting regularly -- two to three times each week -- to maintain soil moisture and encourage healthy plant growth.
Harvest the shoots to use as green onions, and transplant the bulbs outdoors to remain until the bulbs are fully developed. Most onions develop a healthy bulb within two years and overwinter outdoors without any problems in home gardens.