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Ethanol Plants in the United States

Ethanol plants use enzymes to decompose plant waste, such as corncobs and switch grass, and transform them into sugars, which are fermented to ethanol. Although a number of ethanol plants exist, the high cost of enzymes makes production expensive and creates a barrier to producers' ability to expand or open new plants. However, recent technological innovations have brought down the price of enzymes by as much as 80 percent in 2010, which significantly reduces production costs. As a result, new plants are opening and existing plants expanding, with the first commercial-sized plant scheduled to open in the United States in 2011.

  1. POET

    • POET is the major corn ethanol plant in the United States as of February 2010, according to the New York Times. It has plants in Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio and South Dakota, based on a May 2010 list prepared by the Independent Gas Station Owners Association, Ohio. Most of its plants generate a total of 60 million gallons of ethanol annually, which are derived from about 21 million bushels of corn, according to the company's website. Collectively, its 27 plants yield 1.6 billion gallons of ethanol each year.

    First United Ethanol LLC

    • First United Ethanol LLC (FUEL) is located in Southwest Georgia in the town of Camilla. The plant produces 100 million gallons of ethanol yearly as of October 2010. The corn ethanol plant started developing the alternative fuel in October 2008. More than 860 investors hold ownership of the plant many of which live in Georgia and Florida.

    Utica Energy

    • Utica Energy is based in Utica, Wisconsin, near Oshkosh. The plant opened its doors in April 2003 as the 73rd ethanol plant in the United States with the support of five farmers. The plant generates 52 million gallons of ethanol per year after it was expanded in 2004. It has a daily yield of about 150,000 gallons. According to the company's website, the plant breaks down 2,300 bushels of corn per hour.

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