Put on thick work gloves since most cactus varieties have sharp needles that can cause injury.
Cut a healthy 4- to 5-inch-long portion from a cactus, using a sharp knife. If you are rerooting a stem that fell or broke off, make a fresh cut 1/2 inch above the place where it detached from the cactus.
Set the cactus cutting out of the way for at least four to five days, to allow the cut end to dry completely. When the cutting is ready to be planted, it will not feel moist at all. Some cactus cuttings require up to two weeks to dry fully.
Fill a 5- to 6-inch-diameter plant pot with a mix of 1 part coarse sand and 1 part peat mixed thoroughly. Dig a 1-inch-deep hole in the center of the soil and insert the cut end of the cactus into the hole. Push the soil up around the cactus to hold it upright.
Water the soil mixture just until it is damp but never allow it to remain wet or get soggy. Apply additional water only once per week to avoid rot.
Set the pot in an area with cool temperatures, and bright light but not direct sun. If you place the pot outdoors, choose a covered location under a porch awning or under a tree.