Fava beans are shelled like Lima beans and either dried or eaten fresh. The plants grow to a height of 2 to 6 feet. They are early-season legumes, and among the most frost-hardy of bean crops.
Fava beans adapt to a wide range of conditions, but prefer moist, well-drained soils with a near-neutral pH. Though they can usually survive a mild frost, extreme low temperatures can still be damaging, so do not plant them until May, when most frost danger has passed.
In addition to gardeners growing fava beans at home, farmers often use them as a winter and spring cover crop to keep soil aerated, nitrogen replenished and weeds controlled.