Replant your basil promptly after buying it to increase the chances of the roots taking and thriving in your new containers. Tease apart the root ball to separate out clumps of basil and prevent overcrowding. Give small clumps separate containers filled with potting soil, and place each in a windowsill that receives full sunlight. Short, vibrant green basil is most likely to grow after replanting and has the longest lifespan left.
For basil without roots, cut off the stem at an angle below the bottom nodes, and pinch off the bottom leaves. Place the basil in a glass of water to keep it fresh, changing the water every two to four days until roots begin to sprout. Once the roots have formed, transplant the basil into a container of soil.
Water your basil plants on a daily basis during warm, dry seasons to keep the soil moist. Avoid soaking the soil, but keep it from drying out completely. Containers and soil should provide adequate drainage for water to run out drainage holes on the bottom or side. If the hole is on the bottom, elevate the container to leave room for water to run off.
When your basil plants start to flower, pinch off the flower buds to lengthen the growing season. Once basil blooms, it dies back and you can no longer harvest its leaves. Eventually the basil will grow to its full height and bloom, but keeping the flowers pinched back extends its usefulness.
Before the basil flowers have a chance to open, cut the leaves and allow them to dry. Make your cut 1/4 inch above a node to promote additional growth. Freeze the leaves to use later, or hang them upside down in a dark, warm room with adequate ventilation to dry.