Sowing Mustard in December

An Ornamental Vegetable

• Mustard greens' relatives include kale, cabbage and turnips, and like these crops, they are grown for their leaves. You can grow broadleaf or curled mustard greens; however, if you plan to sow seeds in December, curled mustard tolerates cool weather better than broadleaf. Both mustard varieties are attractive growing in a flowerbed or as a border for planting beds and sidewalks. These clump forming annuals can grow up to 2 feet high with a 1 to 2 foot spread.

Seed Them Properly

• Whether planting in spring, fall or winter, sow mustard seeds in area that receives full sun. Seeds germinate in soil with a temperature of 40 degrees Fahrenheit or higher and take four to seven days to emerge. Sow seeds 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep and 1 inch apart, leaving 6 to 8 inches between rows. Thin seedlings to 6 inches apart or 18 inches apart for larger mustard green varieties. Growing period is 40 to 60 days, depending on variety and weather conditions.

Tending the Plants

• During periods of little or no rainfall, water newly planted mustard greens weekly, making sure to soak the soil to allow for good root development. Keep plants weed free by hand-pulling or carefully hoeing around them. Greens need nitrogen to develop into a rich shade of green, so apply a nitrogen-based fertilizer to plants once they grow about 5 inches tall. Apply 1/2 cup of 21-0-0 fertilizer per 10-foot row. Mix the fertilizer into the soil and water it once mixed.

A Welcome Harvest

• Mustard greens bolt and taste bitter when grown in hot temperatures and grow best in air temperatures between 32 F and 75 F; however, plants can tolerate a light frost. Harvest plants when young and tender, harvesting the larger outer leaves and leaving the smaller, younger leaves to continue growing for a continuous harvest. If desired, cut and use the entire plant. Seal unused greens in a plastic bag and store in the refrigerator. Greens stay good for several days when stored properly.