How Fast Do Flower Roots Grow?

Root Growth

• Newly sprouted seedlings develop mature root systems within six to eight weeks of germination. During this time frame, indoor starts and seedlings are usually interred to their permanent, outdoor location. Once in the ground, root systems will continue to develop and spread during the growing season. Some flowering plants are annuals, meaning they sprout, grow and flower in one season and then die. Other flowering plants are perennial; these plants return year after year. Perennial plants establish more permanent root systems and this longevity has an effect on the roots' growth rate.

Annual Flowers

• Annual flowers live for only one growing season. Depending upon your region's climate and first and last frost dates, your growing season may be anywhere from three to five months long. Within this time span most annuals will grow roots to a depth of 6 to 10 inches. Annual plants have light, fibrous, white roots that tend to grow laterally as well as deeply. Estimate a plant's typical root growth rate by searching for information on that plant's seed packet. The seed packet will list the number of days to maturity and will also provide you with guidelines on plant spacing, bed preparation and seed depth. A plant that matures in 30 days and requires 10 inches of space between plants will most likely have roots that grow approximately 8 to 10 inches within 30 days.

Perennial Flowers

• Perennial flowers are capable of returning year after year for approximately four to eight years, depending on the plant. Like annual plants, perennials set roots and are capable of withstanding transplanting stress within six to eight weeks of germination. Potted perennials' root systems grow faster when potted in containers. If your garden soil is heavy or high in clay content, plant your perennials high, recommends the National Gardening Association. This means leaving the buds and crown of the plant just above the ground. This will encourage faster and deeper root growth. Unlike annual plants, perennial plants grow hardy roots that persist year after year. They also grow light, fibrous annual roots that die back during the dormant season.

Considerations

• Growing conditions affect root growth rate. Low moisture can impede growth but so can excessive moisture. Plant your flowers in prepared beds by tilling soil to a depth of 10 inches and incorporating organic matter such as humus and compost into heavy soils. The increased aeration and drainage provided by organic matter helps provide roots with a favorable growing environment. Optimal growing environments encourage faster root growth.