Viola Plants

Viola Genus

• The genus of flowering plants called Viola is part of the Violaceae, or Violet family. The Viola genus of flowering plants makes up one of the 22 genera in the Violet family. This genus includes both annuals and many frost-tender perennials, predominantly from northern climates, though a few originate in subtropical and tropical areas. The 500 species in the Viola genus are characterized by five-petaled flowers and alternate, bright green leaves.

Violas

• Horticulturalists are continuously developing new varieties of violas selected for growing conditions and disease resistance, as well as for flower size. According to the University of Florida IFAS Extension, 150 viola cultivars, developed as bedding plants, currently exist. Violas commonly cultivated in the garden include the annual johnny jump-up and tufted pansies, also called horned violets. Flower size distinguishes viola cultivars from their close relative, and common garden plant, the pansy. Pansies have flowers that are 2 inches around or greater, while true viola flowers grow less than 1-1/2 inches around.

Violas in Northern Gardens

• Plant violas in garden beds, planters and window boxes to brighten up the landscape in the spring. Nurseries sell a variety of viola cultivars with an array of flower colors, some having multiple-colored flowers. You can grow your own starts by sowing seeds in a greenhouse or in a seed flat indoors six to eight weeks before the last frost date. Wait until the last frosts are gone before planting these frost-tender plants outdoors. Violas are sensitive to heat and tend to die back as summer heats up.

Violas in Southern Gardens

• Plant violas in the fall in southern climates. As most violas grown for the garden originate in northern climates, they tend to be intolerant of high heat. Purchase starts in the fall, or start seeds in the late summer for fall planting. According to the University of Florida IFAS Extension, heat-tolerant varieties are being developed for southern gardens. Ask at your local nursery for the viola variety best suited for your growing area.