Tulips are native to Persia and Turkey, where the soil is somewhat sandy and drains well. Don't overwater the soil or the bulbs will rot.
Any potting soil labeled for general houseplant use that drains well is appropriate for growing tulips. Mix fertilizer, such as a granular 5-10-10 or a 9-9-6 for bulbs, into the potting soil according to the manufacturer's directions.
Tulips must undergo a dormancy period and experience cool temperatures to grow best. For indoor plants, the planted bulbs should be kept in a dark, cool place for 8 to 14 weeks at 35 to 40 degrees F. This could be an unheated basement or garage. A spare refrigerator could be used but it should not contain any fruits or vegetables. They they emit ethylene gas, which can abort the bud inside the bulb.