The active ingredient in Roundup is a general use, nonselective, systemic herbicide that kills plants by absorption through the roots. The chemical glyphosate effectively kills nearly all perennial and annual plants, from weeds and grasses to woody plants. Glyphosate is used for weed management in crops and non-crop areas.
The use of Roundup near tree or shrub seedlings for weed control can seriously damage or kill the young plants, says the University of Minnesota Extension. However, the use of chemicals, if done correctly, is the most effective way to manage weeds around young trees.
When using Roundup near tree seedlings, shield the plants to avoid damage from the herbicide. The University of Minnesota Extension cites glyphosate as the most recommended weed control chemical in tree planting. Another recommended chemical is sethoxydim, sold under different trade names. You can also use preemergence herbicides such as oxyfluorfen or oryzalin for weed management around tree seedlings.