Hot Tub Installation on a Deck

Weight

• The filled weight of a hot tub is as much as 1,000 pounds, without any occupants. The filled weight, including the weight of occupants, cannot exceed the deck's load capacity. Estimate high on the tub weight; calculate the filled weight plus the highest amount of occupants who could ever possibly use the tub. The spa dealer can provide the tub's filled weight. If building or modifying an existing deck, a contractor can advise on how to best build or remodel the deck to support the weight of a hot tub.

Permits and Zoning

• Obtain the proper permits and follow the zoning regulations set by the city or county government. Deck construction or modification may require a building and electrical permit. The zoning board may require the hot tub and deck to sit a certain distance from the property line. The government may also require specific safety features including a cover or fence to enclose the hot tub.

Utilities

• Install the hot tub on a spot on the deck nearest any required utilities. The tub needs access to both water and electrical sources. Enlist a qualified plumber and electrician to ensure all connections are secured and installed properly. Some hot tubs have a subpanel between the spa and the home's electrical box. The subpanel contains the tub's circuit breakers. It's typically required to sit a certain distance -- from five to 50 feet -- away from the spa. Check the city or county code for the required subpanel distance.

Tips and Warnings

• Consult a qualified contractor to learn the differences, benefits and drawbacks to installing the hot tub directly on the deck or partially or fully recessed into the decking. When adding a recessed hot tub to a deck, keep the access panels easily accessible for draining, cleaning or repairing the tub. Install a proper drainage system to direct the water away from the tub to a drain; water pooling around the tub may damage the decking materials.