Are Hot Tubs 2 Phase or 3 Phase Power?

Three-Phase Power

• Hot tubs can run on single-phase or three-phase power. Because the three alternating currents require less power and run more efficiently than a single current, three-phase power is a better option for a power hungry hot tub. Hot tubs are not run on two-phase power because this form of power does not work well with large motors.

Power Requirements

• If you purchase a standard size hot tub, it will need a 220 to 240 volt power supply. Your circuit breaker will need to be able to handle a 50 to 60 amp load on the circuit dedicated to the hot tub. Smaller hot tubs take take 110 to 120 volts. These models use a 15 amp grounded plug and outlet similar to that used on your clothes dryer.

Safety Device

• Federal regulations require hot tubs to be equipped with a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). This device switches off the circuit if there is a problem with the electrical circuit. This can include a power surge, electrical shock or imbalanced power delivery. It serves as a safety measure when using electricity around water.

Other Regulations

• Before installing your hot tub, you'll need to check with local regulations regarding your electrical power hook-up. The National Electric Code states your hot tub must be five feet away from any power outlet and not be directly under any power lines. The circuit for your hot tub's power must be solely used for the hot tub. If you have any doubts about how to install the electrical components for your hot tub, hire a licensed electrician to do the work for you.