Place the stringers 24 inches apart and screw two of the 2-by-4-inch by 3-foot boards to the back of them in an X. This is the basic stair structure, which is filled in with steps and risers, and supported with posts, support boards and railings.
Stand the connected stringers upright. Attach two of the 2-by-4-inch by 5-foot posts to each side of the top of the stringers. Attach two of the 2-by-4-inch by 3-foot posts to each side of the bottom of the stringers. The stair frame should now stand upright.
Screw the 2-by-4-inch by 2-foot boards across the 5-foot posts. Place one at the bottom and one 3 feet up from the bottom for extra support. Screw two of the 2-by-4-inch by 3-foot boards to the outside bottom of the stair structure, and into the bottom of each 3-foot and 5-foot post. This will provide support at the base.
Cut the 2-by-6-inch tread boards and 1-by-8-inch riser boards into 24-inch sections for each step. Screw them into place, attaching the risers first and then the steps. The tread boards will overhang slightly.
Screw the last two 2-by-4-inch by 3-foot boards into the 3-foot and 5-foot upright posts parallel to the steps. These boards will serve as the railing.