Measure the length and width of the foundation site with a tape measure. Round up the measurements to the nearest foot then multiply them together to get the surface area of the slab. For example, a hole 10 feet by 20 feet would have a surface area of 200 square feet.
Lower the end of the tape measure to the bottom of the foundation site and measure the depth of the hole from the base to the rim, rounding this up to the nearest 1/4-foot. A depth of 5 inches, for example, would round up to 1/2-foot. Multiply this by the square feet to get the estimated volume of the slab. For a 200-square-foot hole with a rounded depth of 1/2-feet, the estimated volume would be 100 cubic feet.
Examine a package of the concrete you intend to use for your slab to determine the coverage per bag. Many 80lb. bags of concrete have a coverage rate of 0.60-cubic foot per bag. Divide the volume in feet by the coverage rate in feet to determine the number of bags needed. For a hole with a volume of 100 cubic feet, the number of 0.60-cubic-foot bags needed for coverage is 167. Always round a partial bag result upward.