How to Design & Landscape a Backyard

Draw a base map of the property on paper. Show existing features such as trees, gardens and shrubs on the map; measure trees and other features, and show them to scale.

Conduct a site analysis, taking note of everything that affects the use of the yard and will affect the location of play, garden and pool areas. Mark any problem areas on the base map. Take note of the views, assets and access to the landscape.

Make several sketches using the base map as a guide, testing a variety of ideas for the use of the yard before making a commitment about where things should go. Rearrange desired design elements to evaluate different schemes.

Analyze the sketches and choose a favorite. Use the favorite to make a more detailed drawing exploring and refining the basic ideas. Make notes about features to include in each area of the yard.

Use the detailed sketch to draw the master plan. Figure out approximate shapes, sizes and locations for planting beds and lawn areas, as well as decks, walkways, parking areas and other hardscape features.

Trace the hardscape elements from the master plan on to another piece of paper. This will be the layout plan. Anything that isn't soil or a planting is considered part of the hardscape, this includes items such as the fence, deck and patio. Include measurements to scale.

Show the changes needed to shape the land and to accommodate new design features with a topography map, which indicates slope. This will enable the planning of grading and drainage elements.

Use the master plan to design a planting plan. Draw bed lines to show the separation between lawn and planting areas. Decide where trees should go and how to fill planting areas with shrubs, ground cover and seasonal color. Select specific plants by name and make a shopping list.

Prepare the site, removing any unwanted items, and install the desired landscaping elements.