Spray the concrete surfaces with warm water to neutralize and dissolve as much salt as possible. To prevent icing, wait for a warm, sunny day so the moisture will evaporate and not freeze on the concrete. If waiting for a warm day isn't practical, brush off as much of the liquid as possible after cleaning the cement. A thick, absorbent mop will also be effective in removing excess moisture. There are also cleaners for salt meant to be used in sub-zero temperatures.
Scrub the concrete thoroughly with a stiff brush to remove stubborn salt debris. Continue scrubbing and spraying the concrete surface until you're confident that the surface is clean.
Repeat this process as often as possible throughout the winter to prevent long term damage to your concrete floors and walkways.