Start when the tree is young. When you prune a tree early on, you help promote a lifetime of healthy branch growth.
Prune during the late winter months or in the early spring to help encourage new growth, rather than inhibit it.
Cut any dead branches, or those that appear to be dying, with pruning shears. Look for branches that have turned an unusual color, or no longer produce any greenery or flowers.
Cut off any smaller branches, or the head of the branch you want to grow if they appear to be dead or dying. Leaving unhealthy bits on the branch will inhibit the growth.