Uses for Cottonwood

Timber Uses

• As a timber species, the cottonwood lacks great value, notes the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which describes the wood as "light, soft and weak," making it inappropriate for tasks requiring strength. However, cottonwood is used for the interior of furniture, in making plywood and serves as a high-grade source of wood pulp.

Erosion Control

• Because cottonwoods grow rapidly and in a variety of soil types, the tree works to prevent erosion in locations such as strip mines. Its ability to flourish near water makes it an option in controlling water erosion along rivers, streams and ditches, reports the National Forest Service. Rows of cottonwoods form windbreaks to prevent soil erosion associated with windy weather.

Importance to Wildlife

• Small mammals such as rabbits will eat the bark, foliage and twigs of a cottonwood seedling. The tree also provides nourishment for larger creatures such as deer. Beavers in particular make use of the cottonwood in the wild. The semi-aquatic mammals chew the cottonwood saplings down and use them to create dams along waterways, and eat the leaves, twigs and bark.

Landscaping Considerations

• When considering a cottonwood as a landscaping species, take into account how large it can grow. This species works as a shade, lawn or street tree when conditions are right, but also has a reputation for having weak branches, making them susceptible to breakage during winter weather and high winds. While cottonwoods tolerate urban conditions, the extensive root system may damage sewers and sidewalks, warns the Missouri Botanical Garden. The ideal setting for a cottonwood is in a rural scenario near water, allowing the tree to grow unhindered and without presenting any problems to nearby structures.