Common Topiary Shapes

Espalier

• Espalier is a form of topiary that cultivates a tree or shrub as it grows against a wall, fence or garden trellis. This type of topiary generally adds appeal to an area that needs concealing such as a backyard, private garden or an unsightly utility meter. Through several years of careful trimming and training, these topiaries grow into useful privacy screens. Many fruit trees make ideal espalier topiaries. Some common espalier shapes topiary artists use are diamonds, triangles, fountains and candelabras.

Hedges

• Hedges cast a continuous line of greenery creating a border along a fence or property line; they also designate a pathway in a maze. Planting trees and shrubs close together enables this style of horticultural art to flourish. This form of topiary creates a traditional formal appearance in any garden. Landscapers shape hedges into a tapering pattern with a wide base and a diminished top. Some landscapers trim the hedges to configure exotic shapes or natural forms.

Sculptural

• Sculptural topiaries are often large or enormous structures of highly imaginative works or art. This type of topiary usually makes a bold statement. These topiaries use wire frames to support the plants, allowing them to bend into various shapes or objects. Climbing plants like English ivy help outline the topiary's form. Sometimes, many different plants make up on sculptural topiary. Typical sculptural topiaries include animal shapes like elephants, dinosaurs, birds, lions, camels and giraffes. Large, building-type, sculptural topiaries like pyramids, bridges, towers and castles are commonplace as well.

Standard

• Standard topiaries have two general requirements; they are small in stature and must be movable. These topiaries are best suited for indoor use in wintertime due to the frailty of the plants. Transfer the topiaries outside to the garden or other location to garner appreciation once the weather warms up in the spring. Certain plants are an appropriate choice for a standard topiary including flowering shrubs like lantana, fuchsia and geraniums. Some miniature citrus trees and herb plants are also considered appropriate material for this type of topiary.