Use specially treated synthetic fabrics. Sewing patio cushions using a fabric made specifically for al fresco use will enable them to better stand up to the harmful effects of sunlight, which can drastically shorten the life of outdoor textiles and cause mildew. This fabric, treated with special solutions, is easy to clean.
Use fabrics that are naturally outdoor-safe. This option makes your cushions less resistant to the elements than synthetic fabrics yet provides a measure of protection from sun and moisture. It is also more environmentally friendly, since you're using all-natural fabrics. These include twill, duck, cotton, linen and canvas -- fabrics with natural properties enabling them to resist damage. Remember to take extra steps to protect these natural-fabric cushions: Flip and rotate them periodically, and when they're not in use, store inside.
Try spray-on fabric protection. Some products can do for your fabrics what sunscreen does for your skin, keeping them safe from the sun. These solutions provide UV protection and are safe for most fabric types. All you do is spray the fabric until it's damp, then let dry. The sprays adhere better to clean fabrics.