Steps & Railings for Decks

Basic Steps

• A basic set of steps for a deck consists of two stringers, the angled boards that hold the treads in place, and the treads themselves. Notched stringers, those cut in a way to allow the tread to lie on the top of the stringer, come pre-cut in most home improvement centers. You can also make the cuts yourself. Alternatively, you might fasten the treads to the sides of the stringers with metal hardware. Treads and stringers remain essential for deck steps, but risers, the vertical members between the treads, are optional.

Code

• Ensure that you follow building code regulations when creating your stairs. Most codes require that stairs or steps are at least 36 inches wide. For two people to pass each other comfortably, 5 feet works much better. If the stairs go beyond 12 feet high, you must have a landing every 12 feet. Risers should not exceed 7 3/4 inches in height, while treads should extend at least 10 inches deep. Every riser and tread should have the same dimensions as all the other risers or treads, within 3/8 inch.

Railing

• Decks might not require a railing, depending on how far the drop is to the ground. Codes typically demand that decks with a drop of 36 inches or greater must have railings. Many home centers have railing systems available for immediate installation, although you can also use dimensional lumber. Most homeowners want railings that match their deck, but painting or staining it to accent the rest of your home instead makes a visually interesting alternative.

Types

• A basic railing design using 2-by-2 wooden vertical pieces as balusters and placing them 4 inches apart works well for the average backyard deck. More decorative designs featuring elaborately turned balusters involve greater expense. Although wood balusters remain the most frequently seen type of infill, the component between the top of the railing and the bottom of the deck, you can use other materials as well. Both wire mesh and pre-cut latticed panels are possibilities.