Lay the antique quilt top on a flat surface such as a clean table. Place a nylon or fiberglass screen on top of it.
Sprinkle baking soda over the quilt top. The baking soda will help to eliminate the odor. Move a low-suction hand-held vacuum that has a small brush back and forth over the quilt top. Vacuum small sections at a time until the quilt is completely vacuumed.
Air your antique quilt top to get rid of odors. Drape the quilt top over the clothesline. Turn quilts that are dark colored away from the sun. Light colored ones can be turned facing the sun. Air the quilt for at least 20 to 30 minutes.
Store your antique quilt top in a closet with an air purifier to get rid of odors. You may also store it in a drawer wrapped in acid-free tissue paper with activated charcoal or a bag of cedar shavings.