Create an odor-fighting cleansing solution by mixing warm water with 2 to 3 tablespoons of powdered oxygenated bleach. If you have built-up mildew or efflorescence, replace the oxygenated bleach with a cup of household bleach. Pour this solution into a spray bottle.
Spray the mixture on the floor, paying special attention to corners and baseboards, where mildew and efflorescence can build up.
Mop the solution up immediately. Do not leave any moisture on the floor longer than necessary, due to the high humidity levels common in basements. Use a sponge mop to swiftly mop up the cleaning solution, and don't be afraid to use a little elbow grease to get tough stains out. If you have a persistent stain, repeat the entire procedure.
Allow five minutes for the floor to dry. Since this method does not use a lot of moisture, your floor should be ready for foot traffic again very quickly.