Turn off all power to your aquarium's equipment to prevent shock.
Scoop out the gravel from the bottom of the aquarium using a small, clean bucket. Work carefully and slowly to avoid scaring the fish.
Place all gravel in a large bucket.
Fill the bucket with a one-half vinegar, one-half water solution until the gravel is completely covered.
Let the gravel sit for several hours or overnight in the solution.
Agitate the gravel by hand to loosen the calcium and remove any other deposits.
Drain the solution from the bucket and refill with fresh, decholorinated water. Drain the water and repeat until the water looks clean when you drain it.
Replace the gravel slowly and carefully by adding 1 or 2 cups at a time back into the aquarium. Avoid disturbing the fish as much as possible.
Arrange the aquarium as desired and turn your equipment back on.