Vacuum the room around the oil-fired furnace to keep any dust or debris from clogging it. Remove any clutter that is near the furnace so it has proper airflow around it.
Turn off the oil furnace and open the maintenance hatch.
Locate the oil filter in the burner motor and remove it. Replace the old oil filter with a new one.
Vacuum the burner motor to remove any dust and dirt. Wipe off the motor with the cloth to remove excess oil from the machine. Add two to three drops of lubricating oil to the burner motor's oil port, if it has one.
Locate the draft regulator in the flue and vacuum it to remove dust and dirt. Wipe the draft regulator off with the cloth to remove oily build up.
Dust the thermostats in your home with a paintbrush.