Ionic air purifiers boast a much simpler design than other types of air purifiers because they do not require fans or of internal filters to perform. Instead, an electrically-charged metal plate creates the negative ions that attract positively-charged molecules in dust or pollen.
Ionic air purifiers release negative ions known collectively as ozone into the air. These ions impart their negative charge to airborne particles. The strong positive charge generated by the unit's internal collectors then pulls these negatively-charged pollutants into the unit. The lack of fans ensures quiet, low-energy operation.
The safety of using ionic air purifiers has come under scrutiny. The Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District notes that ozone can irritate the human respiratory system and aggravate lung problems. Potential purchasers should ensure that any ionic air purifier purchased emits less than 0.1 parts per million of ozone.